Interesting points, Jon.
Going back to the link I posted, the Public Order Act, 1986 states:
A person who uses threatening, abusive or insulting words or behaviour, or displays any written material which is threatening, abusive or insulting, is guilty of an offence if—
(a) he intends thereby to stir up racial hatred, or
(b) having regard to all the circumstances racial hatred is likely to be stirred up thereby.
Guy in Nottingham - I'd say not a hate crime, but it is bordering on harrassment. The woman has the right to go about her business without being reduced to a sex object. So, not a hate crime, but likely to have both infringed her human rights and also the Equality Act 2010.
British comedian telling a joke. Not a hate crime, but certainly a misjudgement and seriously lazy humour. I say not a hate crime because it would be difficult to prove his intent to stir up racial hatred. However, if his whole set centred around Irish stereotyping, then there's a problem.
Islam's compatability with Western values. Not a hate crime. It's a point of view for debate and discussion.
Trumps's security measures. Trickier territory. I'd say, not a hate crime for the reasons you've outlined. But, the problem Trump had (which was of his own making) is that he didn't explain WHY he was implementing that policy. He simply did it and left himself wide open to accusations. Not smart.
Hillary calling a significant amount of people 'Deplorables'. Yes, I'd say there's a case there for hate speech.